Best historical stone in the world
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Hope Diamond
The Hope Diamond, also known as the “King’s Jewel” or “Le Bijou du Roi,” is one of the world’s most well-known gems, as well as one of the most iconic and eye-catching. It was cut from the Blue Diamond of the Crown of France, which holds special meaning as it was smuggled into London during the French Revolution. The Blue Diamond from which it was cut came from the massive rough diamond known as “Tavernier Blue,” which dates back to the late 17th century. Tavernier Blue’s existence in France was somewhat of a mystery as well.
Named for Thomas Hope, a wealthy London banker, the diamond has been owned by members of the royal families in Turkey, Britain, and France, as well as gem collectors in the United States and the United Kingdom. The Hope Diamond is 45.52 carats in size and features a stunning deep blue color, surrounded by white diamonds. The Heart of the Ocean, the necklace prominently featured in “Titanic,” is based on the Hope Diamond. It is currently on display at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., where it is part of the National Gem and Mineral Collection.
Star of India
The Star of India is the largest star sapphire in the world, weighing in at 563.35 carats. Its lineage dates back to many centuries ago when it was believed to have been discovered in Sri Lanka. Not only is the size of the stone quite impressive, but the near-flawless quality of the gem is of interest to collectors and viewers as well. Its name comes from the star shape that is visible on each side of the massive stone.
The milky quality of the appearance comes from traces of rutile, a mineral that is also responsible for the visible stars. These tiny fibers reflect incoming light, creating the star pattern. J.P. Morgan, a wealthy American financier, commissioned George Kunz to acquire and curate a gem collection for the Paris Exhibition of 1900. This collection included the Star of India, which Morgan later donated to the American Museum of Natural History.
Koh-I Noor
The meaning behind the Koh-i-Noor gem — “mountain of lights” — is believed to come from an exclamation made by the owner in the mid-18th century. This particular owner, the Shah of Iran, was one of many people to own the 105.6-carat diamond, one of the largest-cut diamonds in the world. Its origins are not certain, although some believe it was mined in Kollur Mine during the Kakatiya dynasty in India. The earliest known weight is 186 old carats.
In the mid-19th century, the stone was placed on display at the Great Exhibition in London, although its cut made it less appealing to viewers. At that time, it was recut into the oval brilliant shape. The history of the Koh-i-Noor involves quite a bit of hand-changing, often due to warfare, resulting in the reputation that it brings bad luck to those who wear it. The diamond is now on display at the Tower of London’s Jewel House.
The Black Prince’s Ruby
The Black Prince’s Ruby is believed to have come from a mine in the part of the world that is currently Tajikistan. In the mid-14th century, the Moorish Prince of Granada, Abu Sa’id, owned the gem, although he was murdered by Don Pedro the Cruel. In exchange for assistance with a revolt against him, Don Pedro the Cruel gave the ruby to the Black Prince of England, who was the son of Edward III.
Although it’s called a ruby, the stone is actually a spinel, which is not as hard or dense as a traditional ruby. It is about the size of a chicken egg and is polished but not cut. During a battle in 1415, one of the Black Prince’s descendants wore the stone on a helmet and nearly lost it during battle. It was later sold when Oliver Cromwell defeated the monarchy, although it was repurchased following the restoration of the monarchy and placed in the Imperial State Crown. The Black Prince’s Ruby is currently on display with the Crown Jewels.
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